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This Day, the First Day of October
Memorial of Saint Thérèse of the Child Jesus, virgin and Doctor of the Church, who, having entered the Carmelite monastery of Lisieux in France while still a young girl, became in innocence and simplicity of life a model of holiness in Christ, taught the way to Christian perfection through spiritual childhood, and poured out every mystical concern for the salvation of souls and the growth of the Church, completing her life in the twenty-fifth year of her age. She died, in fact, on the thirtieth of September.
2. At Saint-Piat in Belgic France, Saint Piaton, who is venerated as a presbyter, evangelizer of Tournai, and martyr.
3. At Lisbon in Lusitania, the holy martyrs Verissimus, Maxima, and Julia.
4. At Constantinople, Saint Romanus, deacon, who, because of his eminent skill in composing ecclesiastical hymns in honor of the Lord and the saints, deserved to be called the Melodist.
5. At Trier in Austrasian Rhineland, Saint Nicetius, bishop, who, as Saint Gregory of Tours testifies, was strong in preaching, formidable in reproving, and steadfast in teaching, and who, under King Chlothar of the Franks, was sent into exile.
6. At Ghent in Neustrian Flanders, Saint Bavo, monk, who was a disciple of Saint Amand and, renouncing the world, having distributed his goods to the poor, retired to the monastery founded in that fortress.
7. At Condé on the Scheldt in Austrasian Hainaut, Saint Wasnulf, monk, a Scot by birth.
8. At Canterbury in England, Saint Gerald Edwards, priest and martyr, who, ordained in France and returned to his homeland during the persecution raging under Queen Elizabeth I, after a long imprisonment completed his martyrdom on the gibbet. Together with him suffered the blesseds Robert Wilcox and Christopher Buxton, priests, likewise for the priesthood, and Robert Widmerpool, because he had aided a priest.
9. At Chichester, also in England, the blesseds Ralph Crockett and Edward James, priests and martyrs, who, having returned to their homeland from the English College at Reims, were led to execution at the gallows solely on account of the priesthood.
10. At Ipswich, likewise in England, blessed John Robinson, priest and martyr, who, a father of a family, after the death of his wife, having received the priesthood in advanced old age, was crowned with martyrdom.
11. At Nagasaki in Japan, the blesseds Gaspar Hikojiro and Andrew Yoshida, catechists, who, because they had harbored priests in their homes, were beheaded.
12. At Saronno near Varese in Lombardy of Italy, blessed Luigi Maria Monti, religious, who, although retaining the lay state, founded the Sons of the Immaculate Conception, whom he directed in the spirit of charity toward the poor and needy, especially attending to the sick and orphans and caring for the instruction of youth.
13. In the village of Rotglà i Corberà in the region of Valencia in Spain, blessed Florentina Caerols Martínez, virgin and martyr, who, in a time of persecution against the faith, merited to attain through martyrdom the glory of eternal life.
14. In the village of Villena in the same region of Spain, blessed Álvaro Sanjuan Canet, priest of the Salesian Society and martyr, who in the same period was led through the struggle of conflict to a bountiful crown.
15. Near Munich in Bavaria, Germany, blessed Antoni Rewera, priest and martyr, who, having been sent from Poland to the concentration camps of Dachau because of his confession of Christ, reached the crown of martyrdom through torture.
This Day, the Second Day of October
Memorial of the Holy Guardian Angels, who, first called to contemplate the face of God in splendor, were also appointed by the Lord to be with men, to assist and guide them with their invisible but solicitous presence.
2. At Nicomedia in Bithynia, Saint Eleutherius, martyr.
3. At Numancia in Carthaginian Spain, Saint Saturius, hermit.
4. At Sarcinon in the territory of Atrebatean Neustria, the passion of Saint Leodegar, bishop of Autun, who, afflicted with various injuries and mutilated, was unjustly put to death by Ebroin, the mayor of the palace of King Theodoric. With him is commemorated the memory of his brother, Saint Gerinus, martyr, who, at the command of that same Ebroin two years earlier, was overwhelmed with stones.
5. At Andage in the Ardennes Forest in Austrasia, Saint Beregis, abbot, who founded there a monastery of canons regular and diligently governed it.
6. In Rhaetia, Saint Ursicinus, bishop of Chur and first abbot of the monastery of Disentis, which he himself founded.
7. At Constantinople, the commemoration of Saint Theophilus, monk, who, for the defense of the sacred Images, was very cruelly scourged by Leo the Isaurian and driven into exile.
8. At Nagasaki in Japan, the blessed Louis Yakichi and Lucy, spouses, and their sons Andrew and Francis, martyrs, who died for Christ: the children were beheaded before their father together with their mother, and he was afterward cast into the fire.
9. In the sea near Rochefort in France, in a filthy prison ship moored with anchors, blessed George Edmund René, priest and martyr, who, a canon of Vézelay, was condemned during the time of the French upheaval to naval imprisonment for exercising the priestly ministry, and, wasted by disease of the body, died.
10. At Lyon in France, blessed Anthony Chevrier, priest, who founded the Work of the Prado Providence, where priests were formed to teach poor youth the Christian religion.
11. At Fianarantsoa in Madagascar, blessed John Beyzym, priest of the Society of Jesus, who exercised fervent ministry for lepers on that island, serving both their bodies and souls with great charitable help.
12. Near Castalla on the coast of Spain, the blessed Francis Carceller, of the Order of Clerics Regular of the Pious Schools, and Isidore Bover Oliver, of the Society of Diocesan Worker Priests, priests and martyrs, who, during a fierce persecution, were killed by bullets before a cemetery wall out of hatred for the priesthood, and consummated their martyrdom.
13. In the village of Sax near Alicante, also in Spain, the blessed Elias and John Baptist Carbonell Molla, priests and martyrs, brothers, who in the same persecution against the Church were killed by bullets.
14. In the village of Silla near Valencia, also in Spain, blessed Mary Guadalupe (Mary Frances) Ricart Olmos, religious of the Order of the Servants of Mary and martyr, who, in the same period, was crowned for the witness of Christ.
15. In the city of Stanisławów in Poland, blessed Mary Antonina Kratochwil, virgin of the Congregation of the School Sisters of Our Lady and martyr, who, during wartime, was imprisoned for the faith, where, afflicted with torments for Christ her Spouse, she died.
This Day, the Third Day of October
1. Commemoration of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite, who, when Christ was preached by the blessed Paul the Apostle before the Areopagus, adhered to Him, and was appointed the first bishop of the Athenians.
2. At Rome, in the cemetery of Pontian on the Via Portuensis, Saint Candida, martyr.
3. At Alexandria in Egypt, the commemoration of the saints Faustus, Caius, Peter, Paul, Eusebius, Chaeremon, Lucius, and two others, who, first under the emperor Decius, and later under Valerian, by order of the governor Aemilian, suffered many things with Saint Dionysius the bishop, confessors of the faith; among them, indeed, Faustus under the emperor Diocletian also received the palm of martyrdom.
4. At Maiuma in Palestine, the commemoration of Saint Hesychius, monk, who was a disciple of Saint Hilarion and a companion on his journeys.
5. Commemoration of Saint Maximian, bishop of Bagai in Numidia, who, repeatedly subjected to very cruel treatment by heretics, was finally thrown down from a high tower and left for dead; but afterward, picked up by passersby and healed, he did not cease to defend the Catholic faith.
6. At Toulon in the province of France, Saint Cyprian, bishop, who, a disciple of Saint Caesarius of Arles, defended the orthodox faith concerning grace in many synods, asserting that no one could make progress by his own power, nor seize hold of anything divine, unless first called by the prevenient grace of God.
7. Among the Saxons, the holy martyrs, the two Ewalds—one surnamed the Black, the other the White—who, priests of English origin, inspired by the example of Saint Willibrord and his companions, went to the Saxons and, as they began to preach Christ to them, were seized by the pagans and consummated their martyrdom.
8. In the monastery of Metten in Bavaria, blessed Utho, founder and first abbot.
9. In the region of Namur in Lotharingia, Saint Gerard, first abbot of the monastery of Brogne, which he himself founded, who labored for the renewal of monastic discipline both in Flanders and in Lotharingia and restored many monasteries to the original observance of the rule.
10. At Chur in Rhaetia among the Swiss, blessed Adalgott, bishop, who, a disciple of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, was outstanding for his work in monastic discipline.
11. On the banks of the River Uruaçu near Natal in Brazil, the blessed Ambrose Francis Ferro, priest, and his companions, martyrs,1 who fell as victims of the oppression carried out against the Catholic faith.
12. At Madrid in Spain, blessed Crescentius García Pobo, priest of the Third Order of Saint Francis of the Capuchins of the blessed Virgin of Sorrows and martyr, who, during a fierce persecution against the faith, shed his blood for Christ.
This Day, the Fourth Day of October
Memorial of Saint Francis, who, after an easygoing youth, was converted at Assisi in Umbria and chose the Evangelical way of life; having found Jesus Christ especially in the poor and the forsaken, he made himself poor and served them, and he gathered to himself the Friars Minor in companionship. He preached to all the love of God on his journey even unto the Holy Land, seeking in words and deeds the perfect following of Christ, wishing to die naked upon the bare ground.
2. At Bologna in Emilia, Saint Petronius, bishop, who rose from worldly power to the office of the priesthood and taught about the episcopal duty by his writings and example.
3. In the countryside of Tours in France, Saint Quintinus, martyr.
4. At Paris, also in France, Saint Aurea, abbess, whom Saint Eligius placed in charge of a monastery founded by himself within the city under the Rule of Saint Columban, where he had gathered three hundred virgins.
5. At New Orleans in Louisiana, in the northern United States of America, blessed Francis Xavier Seelos, priest of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, born in Bavaria, who was constantly attentive to the needs of children, youth, and immigrants.
6. In the village of Xaraco in the region of Valencia in Spain, blessed Henry Morant Pellicer, priest and martyr, who, in a time of persecution, completed the contest for the faith.
7. Near the city of Gandía in the same region of Spain, blessed Joseph Canet Giner, priest and martyr, who, who, on account of his fidelity to Christ, deserved to be united to the sacrifice of the Savior.
8. In the town of Bellreguard, also in the region of Valencia, blessed Alaphridus Pellicer Muñoz, religious of the Order of Friars Minor and martyr, who in the same period confirmed the faith in Christ even unto the palm [of martyrdom].
This Day, the Fifth Day of October
1.
At Trier in Belgic France, the commemoration of the holy
martyrs, who, during the time of persecution under Emperor
Diocletian, are believed to have obtained the palm [of martyrdom].
2. At Corycus in Cilicia, Saint Charitina,
martyr.
3. The commemoration of Saint Mamlacha,
virgin and martyr, who, having come from the land of
the Garamæans into Persia, was ordered to be killed by King
Shapur II.
4. At Saint-Julien-en-Vienne in the region
of Vienne in France, Saint Apollinaris, bishop, who,
the brother of Saint Avitus, bishop of Vienne, and a man
inflamed with zeal for justice and integrity, after a long
vacancy of the See of Valence, restored the strength and
former dignity of the Christian religion.
5. The commemoration of Saint Placidus,
monk, who from boyhood was a most beloved disciple of
Saint Benedict.
6. At Nevers in Neustria, Saint Jerome,
bishop, whose generosity and pastoral care enriched
his Church.
7. At Paderborn in Saxony, Saint Meinulph,
deacon, who built and endowed the monastery of Böddeken,
in which he established consecrated virgins.
8. At León in Spain, the commemoration of
Saint Froilán, bishop, who, having been raised from
hermit to bishop, evangelized the regions of Spain liberated
from the yoke of the Moors, and was known for his zeal in
spreading the monastic life and for his generosity toward
the poor.
9. Likewise at Zamora in Spain, the commemoration
of Saint Atilanus, bishop, who, first a monk, was the
chief companion of Saint Froilán in winning over to Christ
the regions formerly devastated by the Moors.
10. At Florence in Etruria, blessed Peter
of Foraz Cornelii, who, a knight of the Order of Saint
John of Jerusalem, devoted himself with pious charity to
the care of the sick.
11. At Beaulieu in the region of Cahors in
France, the commemoration of Saint Flora, virgin
of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, who cared for the
sick poor in the hospital and shared in heart and body in
the Passion of Christ.
12. At Corneto in Latium, blessed Sanctus,
priest of the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine, whom
a crowd followed as he preached the word of God.
13. At Nuremberg in Bavaria, blessed Raymond
of Capua, priest of the Order of Preachers, who was
the wise spiritual director of Saint Catherine of Siena
and composed the record of her life.
14. At Vigevano in Lombardy, blessed Matthew
(John Francis) Carreri, priest of the Order of Preachers,
who was a vehement and most eloquent preacher of the word
of God in his time.
15. At London in England, the blessed martyrs
William Hartley and John Hewett, priests, and Robert Sutton,
who, for their constancy toward the Catholic Church under
Queen Elizabeth I, were hanged with the noose in various
places near the city.
16. In the village of Mindelstetten
in the region of Regensburg in Germany, blessed Anne
Schäffer, virgin, who, at nineteen years of age, while
performing domestic service, was scalded by boiling water
and afterward, as her health declined, lived as a poor and
prayerful woman with peaceful spirit, bearing the cross
of her suffering for the salvation of souls.
17. At Pompeii near Naples in Italy, blessed
Bartholomew Longo, a lawyer who, deeply concerned for
Marian devotion and the Christian education of farmers and
children, founded the shrine of the Rosary in the
Valley of Pompeii and the Congregation of sisters of
the same title, with the help of his devout wife.
18. At the place called Tepatitlán in
Mexico, Saint Tranquilino Ubiarco, priest and martyr,
who, during a violent persecution against the Church, faithfully
fulfilled his pastoral ministry, and for this reason, being
hanged from a tree, achieved a glorious martyrdom.
19. At Kraków in Poland, Saint Maria Faustina
(Helena) Kowalska, virgin of the Sisters of the blessed
Virgin Mary of Mercy, who was greatly devoted to revealing
the mystery of Divine Mercy.
20. In the town of Plonkowo, likewise in Poland,
blessed Marian Skrzypczak, priest and martyr, who,
during the occupation of Poland under a regime hostile to
God, for his unshaken faith was shot in front of the church
and received the palm of martyrdom.
This Day, the Sixth Day of October
Saint Bruno, priest, who, born at Cologne in Lotharingia, after teaching theological disciplines in France, desired a solitary life and, with a few disciples, founded the [Carthusian] Order in a remote valley of Chartreuse in the Alps, where the solitude of hermits was combined with a certain form of community life. Summoned to Rome by blessed Pope Urban II to assist him in the needs of the Church, he nonetheless spent his final years in the hermitage near the monastery of Torre in Calabria.
2. At Laodicea in Phrygia, Saint Sagaris, bishop and martyr, under Servilius Paulus, proconsul of Asia.
3. At Agen in Aquitaine, Saint Faith, martyr.
4. At Sorrento in Campania, Saint Renatus, bishop.
5. At Auxerre in Neustria, Saint Romanus, bishop.
6. In Venetia, the commemoration of Saint Magnus, bishop, who, having fled from the city of Oderzo after it was captured by the Lombards along with most of his flock, is said to have founded the new city of Heraclea and to have overseen the construction of eight churches in the Venetian region.
7. In Brittany, Saint Ywi, deacon and monk, a disciple of Saint Cuthbert, bishop of Lindisfarne, who crossed the sea and lived in this region, diligent in vigils and fasts.
8. At Azogyra in Crete, Saint John, surnamed Xenos (“the Stranger”), who spread monastic life throughout the island.
9. At Gueret in the region of Limoges in Aquitaine, Saint Pardulphus, abbot, renowned for the holiness of his life, who is said to have driven away the Saracens, defeated by King Charles Martel, from his oratory.
10. At Lambach in Bavaria, the passing of blessed Adalbero, bishop of Würzburg, who suffered much for the Apostolic See at the hands of schismatics and was driven from his episcopal seat more than once; he spent his final years in peace at the monastery of Lambach, which he himself had founded.
11. At the Charterhouse of Arvieres in Burgundy, which he had founded, Saint Artaldus, bishop of Belley, who, nearly ninety years old and a monk, was unwillingly elected bishop and, after two years, returned to monastic life, which he continued until his 106th year.
12. At Naples in Campania, Saint Mary Frances of the Wounds of our Lord Jesus Christ (Anne Mary Gallo), virgin of the Secular Third Order of Saint Francis, remarkable for her patience, penance, and love of God and souls amid innumerable and constant sufferings and trials.
13. At Rochefort in France, blessed Francis Hunot, priest and martyr, who, during the fierce persecution against the Church, was imprisoned aboard a filthy prison ship for being a priest, and, struck by fever, gave up his spirit.
14. At Longueuil in Canada, blessed Mary Rose (Eulalie) Durocher, virgin, foundress of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary, for the human and Christian education of girls.
15. At the city of An-Hòa in Annám [Vietnam], Saint Francis Trần Văn Trung, martyr, who, a soldier, was ordered to renounce the Christian faith; he firmly refused to apostatize and was beheaded by order of Emperor Tự Đức.
16. At Courtrai in Belgium, blessed Isidore of Saint Joseph De Loor, religious of the Congregation of the Passion, who fulfilled the duties entrusted to him in holiness, and, struck by illness, endured great suffering as an example to his brothers.
This Day, the Seventh Day of October
Memorial of the blessed Virgin Mary of the Rosary, the day on which, through the prayer of the Rosary, or the Marian Crown, the protection of the holy Mother of God is invoked to promote meditation on the mysteries of Christ, under her guidance, she who was singularly united with the incarnation, passion, and resurrection of the Son of God.
2. At Capua in Campania, Saint Marcellus, martyr.
3. At Padua in Venetia, Saint Justina, virgin and martyr.
4. At Bethsaloe in the province of Augusta Euphratesia in Syria, the holy martyrs Sergius and Bacchus.
5. At Rome, Saint Mark, pope, who founded a titular church in the district of Pallacinae and a basilica in the cemetery of Balbina on the Via Ardeatina, where he himself was buried.
6. At Bourges in Aquitaine, Saint August, priest and abbot, whose hands and feet were so crippled that he could move only by supporting himself on his knees and elbows, but who, having been healed through the intercession of Saint Martin, gathered monks and devoted himself continually to prayer.
7. At Saintes, likewise in Aquitaine, Saint Palladius, bishop, who built a basilica over the tomb of Saint Eutropius and promoted the veneration of saints in his city.
8. At the monastery of Bellafont in the kingdom of León, blessed Martin, surnamed Cid, abbot, who founded this monastery and affiliated it with the Cistercian Order.
9. At sea, off the coast near Rochefort in France, blessed John Hunot, priest and martyr, who, during the French turmoil, was confined on a prison ship for being a priest, and completed his course of captivity in fidelity to God.
10. At the village of Benaguacil in the region of Valencia in Spain, blessed Joseph Llosa Balaguer, religious of the Third Order of Capuchin Franciscans of the Sorrowful blessed Virgin Mary, and martyr, who suffered martyrdom in the persecution against the faith.
This Day, the Eighth Day of October
1. At Antioch in Syria, Saint Pelagia, virgin and martyr, whom Saint John Chrysostom extolled with great praise.
2. The commemoration of Saint Reparata, who is venerated as a virgin and martyr in various places.
3. At Como in Liguria, Saint Felix, bishop, who, having been ordained by Saint Ambrose of Milan, was the first to preside over the Church of this city.
4. At Rouen in the region of Lyon in France, Saint Evodius, bishop.
5. At Denain in Hainaut, Saint Ragenfreda, abbess, who established monasteries there with her resources and governed them worthily.
6. At Genoa in Liguria, Saint Hugh, religious, who, after having long served as a soldier in the Holy Land, as commander of the Commandery of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem shone in this city by his kindness and charity toward the needy.
7. At London in England, the blessed John Adams, Robert Dibdale, and John Lowe, priests and martyrs, who, under Queen Elizabeth I, ministered separately to the Catholic people and, for this reason, were condemned to death and at Tyburn, through the most bitter torments, together attained the heavenly kingdom.
This Day, the Ninth Day of October
Saints Denis, bishop, and his companions, of whom it is handed down that he was sent by the Roman Pontiff into France and, having become the first bishop of Paris, near Lutetia was martyred together with the priest Rusticus and the deacon Eleutherius.
Saint John Leonardi, priest, who in Lucca in Etruria abandoned the practice of apothecary medicine in order to be initiated into the priesthood. Zealous for teaching children the Christian doctrine, for restoring apostolic life among the clergy, and for spreading the Christian faith everywhere, he founded the Clerics Regular, later called of the Mother of God. For this cause he endured many tribulations, and in Rome laid the foundations of the College for the Propagation of the Faith, where, worn out by his labors, he peacefully died.
3. Commemoration of Saint Abraham, patriarch and father of all the faithful, who, when the Lord called, departed from the city of Ur of the Chaldeans, his homeland, and wandered through the land promised by God to him and to his descendants. Likewise, he manifested his entire faith in God when, hoping against hope, he did not refuse to offer in sacrifice Isaac, his only-begotten son, given to him in old age by the Lord from a barren wife.
4. At Laodicea in Syria, the passion of the holy martyrs Diodorus, Diomedes, and Didymus.
5. At Julia, in the territory of Parma on the Via Claudia, Saint Domninus, martyr.
6. At Antioch in Syria, the commemoration of Saint Publia, who, her husband having died, entered a monastery and, when the Apostate Emperor Julian was passing by, sang with her virgins the Davidic words: “The idols of the nations are silver and gold,” and “Let those who make them become like them.” By the emperor’s order, she was struck on the face and harshly rebuked.
7. In the district of Bigorre on the slope of the Pyrenees Mountains, Saint Sabinus, hermit, who made monastic life illustrious in Aquitaine.
8. At Tifernum Tiberinum in Umbria, Saint Domninus, hermit.
9. In Hainaut in Austrasia, Saint Ghislain, who lived a monastic life in a cell he had built for himself.
10. At Monte Cassino, Saint Deusdedit, abbot, who was thrown into prison by the tyrant Sicard and there, exhausted by hunger and hardship, gave up his spirit to God.
11. At Braunau in Bohemia, the repose of Saint Gunther, hermit, who, having abandoned worldly pleasures, first withdrew to the seclusion of monastic life, and then to the remote forest solitudes between Bavaria and Bohemia, where he lived as united to God as he was separated from men and there died.
12. At the monastery of Montsalvy in France, Saint Bernard of Rodez, abbot of the Canons Regular.
13. At Valencia in Spain, Saint Louis Bertrand, priest of the Order of Preachers, who in South America preached the Gospel of Christ to various indigenous peoples and defended them from their oppressors.
14. At Turón in the region of Asturias in Spain, the holy martyrs Innocent of the Immaculate (Emmanuel) Canoura Arnau, priest of the Congregation of the Passion, and eight companions 2 of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, who, during the troubles of that time, were slain without trial out of hatred for the faith and attained their final victory.
This Day, the Tenth Day of October
1. Commemoration of Saint Pinytius, bishop of Knossos on the island of Crete, who flourished under the emperors Marcus Aurelius Verus and Lucius Aurelius Commodus, and through his writings took the greatest care to provide for the faith and spiritual advancement of the flock entrusted to him.
2. At Nicomedia in Bithynia, the holy martyrs Eulampius and his sister Eulampia, in the persecution of the emperor Diocletian.
3. At Cologne in Germany, the holy martyrs Gereon and his companions, who for true piety bravely laid down their necks to the swords.
4. At the village of Birten, also in the district of Cologne in Germany, the holy martyrs Victor and Mallosius.
5. At Bonn, also in Germany, the holy martyrs Cassius and Florentius.
6. At Nantes in Gaul (Lugdunensis), Saint Clarus, who is venerated as the first bishop of that city.
7. At Populonia in Etruria, Saint Cerbonius, bishop, who, as Pope Saint Gregory the Great recounts, withdrew to the island of Elba when the Lombards were devastating the region, showing many signs of his virtue.
8. Near Ramerupt in the countryside of Troyes, also in Neustria, Saint Tanca, virgin and martyr, who, as is said, in defense of her virginity suffered a glorious death.
9. At Rochester in England, the passing of Saint Paulinus, bishop of York, who, a monk and disciple of Pope Saint Gregory the Great, was sent by him with others to preach the Gospel to the English. He converted King Edwin of Northumbria to the faith of Christ and baptized his people in the rivers with the laver of regeneration.
10. In the monastery of Jouarre in the district of Meaux in Neustria, Saint Telchilde, abbess, who, noble by birth, shining in merit and strong in virtue, taught consecrated virgins to go out to meet Christ with lamps burning.
11. At Ceuta in Mauretania Tingitana, the passion of seven holy martyrs from the Order of Friars Minor—namely, Daniel, Samuel, Angelus, Leo, Nicholas, Hugolinus, priests, and Domnus—who were sent by Brother Elias to preach the Gospel of Christ among the Moors, and after enduring insults, chains, and scourging, at last, by beheading, attained the palm of martyrdom.
12. At Bridlington in England, Saint John, priest, who, as prior of the monastery of the Canons Regular of Saint Augustine, was known for his prayer, austerity, and gentleness.
13. In the city of Khartoum in Sudan, Saint Daniel Comboni, bishop, who founded the Institute for the Missions to Africa and, having been appointed bishop in Africa, spared no effort in spreading the Gospel throughout those regions and providing for human dignity in many ways.
14. At Kraków in Poland, blessed Angela Maria (Zofia Kamila) Truszkowska, virgin, who founded the Franciscan Congregation under the title of Saint Felix of Cantalice to help abandoned children, the poor, and the marginalized.
15. At the town of Działdowo, also in Poland, Blessed Leon Wetmański, auxiliary bishop of Płock, who, during the wicked persecution in Poland against God and man, completed his martyrdom by a fearless death in a detention camp.
16. At Linz in Austria, blessed Edward Detkens, martyr, who, a Pole by nationality, during the same time died from the torture of lethal asphyxiation.
This Day, the Eleventh Day of October
1. Commemoration of Saint Philip, who, one of the seven deacons chosen by the Apostles, converted Samaria to the faith of Christ, baptized the eunuch of Candace, queen of the Ethiopians, and preached the Gospel in every city through which he passed, until he came to Caesarea, where he is said to have rested.
2. At Anazarbus in Cilicia, the holy martyrs Tharacus, Probus, and Andronicus, who offered their lives for the confession of Christ during the persecution of the emperor Diocletian.
3. In the region of Vexin in Lugdunensian France, the commemoration of the holy martyrs Nicasius, Quirinus, Scubiculus, and Pientia.
4. At Verdun, also in France, Saint Sanctinus, bishop, who is believed to have been the first to preach the Gospel there.
5. Commemoration of Saint Sarmata, abbot in the Thebaid, who was a disciple of Saint Anthony and was killed by Saracens.
6. At Uzès in Narbonese France, Saint Firminus, bishop, who, a disciple of Saint Caesarius of Arles, taught his people the way of truth.
7. In the region of Ossory in Ireland, Saint Canice, abbot of the monastery of Achadh Bó, which he founded among many others.
8. Near the fortress of Schemarin in the Caucasus Mountains, the natal day of Saint Anastasius, priest and apocrisiarius of the Roman Church, who, a companion of Saint Maximus the Confessor in exile and in the confession of the Catholic faith, during the holy Liturgy, while saying, “Holy things for the holy,” gave up his soul to God.
9. At Lier in Brabant, Saint Gummarus, who, though a soldier, was devout toward God and built a chapel there from his own goods, where he was laid to rest.
10. At Cologne in Lorraine of Germany, Saint Bruno, bishop, brother of Emperor Otto I, who, having assumed the government of Lorraine along with the episcopate, fulfilled the office of priest with great devotion and met the needs of the time with the virtue of a magnanimous leader.
11. At Gniezno in Poland, Saint Gaudentius, also called Radzim, bishop, who, both in flesh and spirit the brother and faithful companion of Saint Adalbert, bishop of Prague, was present at his martyrdom and was afterward thrown into chains.
12. At Riga on the Baltic Sea, commemoration of Saint Meinhard, bishop, who, first a monk in Germany, already advanced in age undertook the journey to evangelize the people of Livonia. He built the church at Uxkull, and having been ordained bishop, actively laid the foundations of the Christian faith in that region.
13. At Bologna in Emilia, blessed James of Ulm Griesinger, religious of the Order of Preachers, who, although unlettered, was a most skilled painter of stained glass and gave for fifty years to all an example of work and prayer.
14. At Calosso in Lombardy, the passing of Saint Alexander Sauli, first bishop of Aleria on the island of Corsica, then of Pavia, who, of the Congregation of Clerics Regular of Saint Paul, wonderfully assisted the poor with charity.
15. At Hanoi in Tonkin [Vietnam], Saint Peter Lê Tuy, priest and martyr, who was beheaded for Christ under the emperor Minh Mạng.
16. At Madrid in Spain, Saint María Desolata (Emmanuela) Torres Acosta, virgin, who from her youth showed marvelous concern for the poor and the sick, helping them with tireless self-denial, especially through the Congregation of the Servants of Mary, Ministers to the Sick, which she founded.
17. At Barcelona, also in Spain, blessed Ángel Ramos Velázquez, religious of the Salesian Society and martyr, who, in a time of persecution against the Church, completed his struggle for the faith.
This Day, the Twelfth Day of October
1. At Rome on the Via Laurentina, Saint Hedistus, martyr.
2. At Anazarbus in Cilicia, Saint Domnina, martyr, who, under the emperor Diocletian and the governor Lycianus, is said to have endured many torments and to have given up her spirit to God in prison.
3. Commemoration of four thousand nine hundred sixty-six holy martyrs and confessors of the faith, who, during the Vandal persecution in Africa — being bishops, priests, or deacons of the Church of God and joined by crowds of faithful laity — were driven into exile in the dreadful desert by order of Huneric, the Arian king, out of hatred for Catholic truth; and in the end, having been cruelly tortured in various ways, they celebrated their martyrdom. Among them were Cyprian and Felix, bishops and distinguished priests of the Lord.
4. At Piacenza in Emilia, Saint Opilion, deacon.
5. At Rome, Saint Felix IV, pope, who converted two temples in the Roman Forum into a church in honor of Saints Cosmas and Damian and labored greatly for the Catholic faith.
6. In Noricum Ripense, Saint Maximilian, who is believed to have been bishop of Lauriacum.
7. At Pavia in Lombardy, Saint Rotobald, bishop, a man of exemplary abstinence, devoted above all to divine worship and the gathering of saints’ relics.
8. At Ascoli in Piceno, Italy, Saint Seraphin of Montegranaro (Felix de Nicola), religious of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, who, a true poor man, shone with humility and piety.
9. At London in England, blessed Thomas Bullaker, priest of the Order of Friars Minor and martyr, who, under King Charles I, was arrested while celebrating Mass and, because he was a priest, was hanged at Tyburn, disemboweled while still breathing, and died.
10. In the village of Ribarroja de Turia in the region of Valencia, Spain, blessed Joseph González Huguet, priest and martyr, who, during a fierce persecution against the faith, fought a noble battle for Christ.
11. In the village of Massamagrell, in the same region of Spain, blessed Pacificus (Peter) Salcedo Puchades, religious of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin and martyr, who, in the same persecution, was conformed to the Passion of Christ.
12. At the extermination camp of Oświęcim, or Auschwitz, near Kraków in Poland, blessed Roman Sitko, priest and martyr, who, during the occupation of Poland in wartime, cruelly tortured by persecutors of humanity and religion, passed over to the vision of eternal beatitude.
This Day, the Thirteenth Day of October
1. Commemoration of Saint Theophilus, Bishop of Antioch, a man of the highest learning, who, sixth after the blessed Apostle Peter, held the episcopate of that Church, and composed a book against Marcion for the defense of the orthodox faith.
2. At Córdoba in Bætica, Spain, the holy martyrs Faustus, Januarius, and Martial, who, like three crowns, adorn the city.
3. At Thessalonica in Macedonia, Saint Florentius, martyr, who, after various torments, is said to have been killed by fire.
4. At Kobern on the Moselle near Trier, Saint Lubentius, priest.
5. At Matuta on the Ligurian coast, the repose of Saint Romulus, Bishop of Genoa, who, filled with apostolic zeal, died while visiting the people in the countryside.
6. At Tours in the region of Lyon in France, Saint Venantius, abbot, who, though still of youthful age, had taken a wife, and, being led to the basilica of Saint Martin and moved by the life of the monks, chose, his wife consenting, to live among them in Christ.
7. At Solignac in the region of Limoges in Aquitaine, Saint Leobonus, hermit.
8. On the island of Iona in Scotland, the repose of Saint Comgan, abbot, who came to that region from Ireland with his sister, Saint Kentigerna, her sons, and several missionaries.
9. At Augsburg in Bavaria, Germany, Saint Simbert, who was bishop and abbot of Murbach.
10. At Cézerniac in the region of Auvergne, France, Saint Gerald, who, Count of Aurillac, for the salvation of his provinces, secretly led a monastic life under secular garb, and offered a memorable example to rulers.
11. Near Subiaco in Latium, Saint Chelidonia, virgin, who is said to have lived a solitary and most austere life, serving God alone for fifty-two years.
12. At Trino in Montferrat, blessed Magdalene Panattieri, virgin, a sister of the Penitents of Saint Dominic.
13. In the village of Balasar near Braga in Portugal, blessed Alexandrina Maria da Costa, who, rendered immobile in all her limbs in order to escape the evil will of a certain man toward her, offered all her sufferings to the Lord, in contemplation of the Eucharist, for love of God and for her needy brethren.
This Day, the Fourteenth Day of October
Saint Callistus the First, Pope and Martyr, who, as deacon, after a long exile in Sardinia, took charge of the cemetery bearing his name on the Appian Way, where he left behind memorials worthy of veneration for future generations; elected pope, he promoted right doctrine and kindly reconciled the lapsed, and at last gloriously brought his industrious episcopate to completion by martyrdom. On this day is commemorated the burial of his body at Rome on the Aurelian Way in the cemetery of Calepodius.
2. At Capua in Campania, Saint Lupulus, martyr.
3. At Rimini in Emilia, Saint Gaudentius, who is believed to have been the first bishop of that city during the time of persecution.
4. At Bruges in Belgic France, the commemoration of Saint Donatian, bishop of Reims, whose relics are kept in this city.
5. At Todi in Umbria, Saint Fortunatus, bishop, who, as Pope Saint Gregory the Great reports, shone with the grace of extraordinary virtue in aiding prisoners.
6. In the region of Châlons in the Champagne of France, Saint Manechildis, virgin.
7. At Luni in Liguria, the commemoration of Saint Venantius, bishop, who took special care for the clergy and monks and was held in honor and friendship by Pope Saint Gregory the Great.
8. Near Beauvais in Neustria, Saint Angadrisma, abbess of the monastery founded by Saint Ebrulf and called Oratory, which had several places of prayer where she served the Lord without ceasing.
9. At San Severino in Picenum, Italy, Saint Dominic, priest of the Camaldolese Order, surnamed Loricatus because of the iron shirt he wore around his flesh, who, having been ordained simoniacally, became a hermit monk and, as a disciple of Saint Peter Damian, led a life of the greatest austerity and discipline.
10. At Angers in France, blessed James Laigneau de Langellerie, priest and martyr, who, during the storms of the French upheaval, was beheaded because of his priesthood.
11. In the village of Picadero de Paterna in the region of Valencia, Spain, blessed Anna Maria Aranda Riera, virgin and martyr, who, while the persecution against the faith was raging, poured out her blood for Christ.
12. In the internment camp of Dachau near Munich in Bavaria, Germany, blessed Stanislaus Mysakowski and Francis Roslaniec, priests and martyrs, who, while Poland was occupied during wartime by men hostile to God and humanity, completed their martyrdom through the pollution of poisonous gas.
13. At Lviv in Ukraine, blessed Roman Lysko, priest and martyr, who, during a time of persecution against the faith, cleaving constantly to the footsteps of Christ, through His grace attained the heavenly kingdoms.
This Day, the FifteenthDay of October
Memorial of Saint Teresa of Jesus, virgin and doctor of the Church, who, at Ávila in Spain, having been enrolled in the Order of Carmelites, became mother and teacher of stricter observance; she arranged in her heart a spiritual progress under the image of an ascent by degrees of love toward God; for the reform of her Order she endured many hardships, which indeed she overcame with an unconquered spirit; she also composed books filled with her most lofty doctrine and experience.
2. At Edessa in Syria, the commemoration of Saint Barses, bishop, who, by the Arian emperor Valens, was banished to distant regions on account of the Catholic faith, and, having been worn out by the change of exile three times, on an unknown day of the month of March ended his life.
3. At Trier in Gallia Belgica, Saint Severus, bishop, who, a disciple of Saint Lupus of Troyes, was companion to Saint Germanus of Auxerre in rooting out in Britain the errors of Pelagius and preached the Gospel of Christ among the Germans.
4. At Kitzingen in Germany, Saint Thecla, abbess, who, having been sent from England to help Saint Boniface, first presided over the monastery of Ochsenfurt, then over that of Kitzingen.
5. In the monastery of Trebnitz in Silesia, the birthday [into heaven] of Saint Hedwig, religious, whose memorial is celebrated tomorrow.
6. At Torres Vedras in Lusitania, blessed Gonçalo de Lagos, priest of the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine, who excelled in teaching the Christian precepts to children and the unlearned.
7. At Nagasaki in Japan, Saint Magdalene, virgin and martyr, strong in spirit both in fostering the faith and in enduring the punishment of the gallows for thirteen days under the emperor Iemitsu.
8. At Valencia in Spain, blessed Narcís Basté Basté, priest of the Society of Jesus and martyr, who, faithfully receiving the words of Christ, in a time of persecution against the faith, passed through death into glorious life.
This Day, the Sixteenth Day of October
Saint Hedwig, religious, who, of Bavarian stock and duchess of the Poles, was greatly devoted to the aid of the poor, for whom she founded hospices, and after the death of her husband Duke Henry, spent the rest of her life laboriously in a monastery of Cistercian nuns which she herself had established and over which her daughter Gertrude presided as abbess. She died at Trzebnica in Poland on the fifteenth day of October.
Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, virgin, who, having been admitted among the nuns of the Order of the Visitation of the blessed Virgin Mary, advanced in a wondrous way along the path of perfection and, endowed with mystical gifts, was especially solicitous for devotion to the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, for the promotion of whose veneration in the Church she accomplished many things. She fell asleep in the Lord at Paray-le-Monial in the region of Autun in France on the seventeenth day of October.
3. At Jerusalem, the commemoration of Saint Longinus, who is honored as the soldier who opened the side of the Lord fixed to the Cross with a lance.
4. In the countryside of Toul in France, Saint Eliphius, who is said to have received the crown of martyrdom.
5. The commemoration of Saints Martinian and Saturian, martyrs in Africa, along with their two brothers, who, during the Vandal persecution under the Arian king Genseric, were servants of a certain Vandal and, having been converted to the faith of Christ by Saint Maxima, a virgin and their fellow servant, for the constancy of their Catholic faith were first beaten with knotted clubs and torn to the bone, then exiled among the Moors, where, having brought several to the faith of Christ, they were condemned to death; Maxima herself, after enduring many struggles and being freed, rested with a holy end in a monastery as mother of many virgins.
6. In the territory of Limoges in Aquitaine, Saints Amandus and his disciple Junian, hermits.
7. At Arbon in Germany, Saint Gall, priest and monk, who, while still a boy, was received by Saint Columban into the monastery of Bangor in Ireland, and eventually in this region zealously spread the Gospel and trained brethren in monastic discipline, until, nearly one hundred years old, he rested in God.
8. At Noyon in Neustria, Saint Mummolinus, bishop, who, first a monk, assisted Saint Audomarus in missionary work, and then succeeded Saint Eligius in the episcopal see.
9. In the monastery of Hersfeld in Franconia in Germany, Saint Lullus, bishop of Mainz, who, as companion and helper of Saint Boniface in the office of preaching, was ordained bishop by him, that he might be a teacher for priests, a guide in the Rule for monks, and a faithful preacher and pastor for the Christian people.
10. In the region of Retz near Nantes in Brittany, Saint Vitalis, hermit.
11. In the region of Mirepoix at the foot of the Pyrenees in France, Saint Gauderic, farmer, renowned for his piety toward the Mother of God.
12. At Brioude among the Arverni in Aquitaine, Saint Bonita, virgin.
13. At Pamiers, also at the Pyrenees in France, Saint Anastasius, monk, who, born in Venice, first led a hermit’s life on the island of Tombelaine near Mont-Saint-Michel, then lived as a monk at Cluny, and finally withdrew into solitude during his last years.
14. At Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges, likewise among the mountains of the Pyrenees in France, Saint Bertrand, bishop, who, following the counsels of Pope Saint Gregory VII, energetically took part in the reform of the Church, restored his city, which had been ruined through neglect, and in the fully rebuilt cathedral church, established canons regular bound to the discipline of Saint Augustine.
15. In the monastery of Igny in the region of Reims in France, the passing of blessed Gerard of Clairvaux, abbot, who, while visiting this monastery, was killed by a wicked monk.
16. At Muro Lucano in Basilicata, Saint Gerard Majella, religious of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, who, seized by the impulse of love for God, embraced everywhere a most austere manner of life, and consumed with zeal for God and souls, peacefully rested while still young.
17. Near Kraków in Poland, in the extermination camp of Oświęcim, or Auschwitz, the blessed martyrs Anicetus Kopliński, of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, and Joseph Jankowski, of the Society of the Catholic Apostolate, priests, who, when their homeland was invaded by followers of a wicked doctrine hostile to men and to the faith, the one was confined in a gas chamber poisoned with deadly gas, the other was slain by the camp guards, bearing witness to the faith of Christ even unto death.
This Day, the Seventeenth Day of October
Memorial of Saint Ignatius, bishop and martyr, who, a disciple of Saint John the Apostle and second after Saint Peter, ruled the Church of Antioch and, under the emperor Trajan, condemned to the beasts, was brought to Rome and there was crowned with glorious martyrdom. On the journey, while he experienced the savagery of the guards, as if of leopards, he wrote seven letters to different Churches, in which he exhorted the brethren to serve God in unity with the bishops and not to prevent him from being sacrificed as a victim for Christ.
2. Commemoration of Saint Hosea, the prophet, who not only by words, but also by the manner of his life, revealed to the unfaithful people of Israel the Lord as an ever-faithful Bridegroom moved by infinite mercy.
3. Commemoration of Saints Rufus and Zosimus, martyrs, whom blessed Polycarp associated with Saint Ignatius in martyrdom, writing to the Philippians: “They were partakers of the sufferings of the Lord, and they did not love the present age, but Him who died and rose again for them and for all.”
4. In Proconsular Africa, the holy martyrs of Voli, whom Saint Augustine celebrated in a sermon.
5. At Lycopolis in Egypt, Saint John, hermit, who, among other outstanding virtues, was also remarkable for the prophetic spirit.
6. At Agen in Aquitaine, Saint Dulcidius, bishop, who fiercely defended the Catholic faith against the impiety of the Arians.
7. At Orange in the Province of France, Saint Florentius, bishop.
8. At Toulouse also in France, the birth into heaven of blessed Gilbert, abbot of Cîteaux, who, an Englishman by birth, a man of sublime learning, defended Saint Thomas Becket in exile.
9. At Binasco in Lombardy, blessed Balthasar Ravaschieri de Clavario, priest of the Order of Friars Minor.
10. At Wrexham in Wales, Saint Richard Gwyn, martyr, who, a father of a family and schoolmaster, professed the Catholic faith and, arrested for having persuaded others to convert to it, after long tortures, remained steadfast in the faith and was hanged and dismembered while still alive.
11. At Rome, blessed Peter of the Nativity of the blessed Virgin Mary Casani, priest of the Order of Clerics Regular of the Pious Schools, who used the gifts of nature and grace for the instruction of children, gladly serving the Lord in the little ones.
12. At Paray-le-Monial, in the region of Autun in France, the passing of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, virgin, whose memorial is celebrated on the previous day.
13. In the region of La Vallée de Guyon, also in France, blessed James Burin, priest and martyr, who, during the time of the French upheaval, while secretly fulfilling many pastoral duties, fleeing from house to house from a band of pursuers, was finally stabbed to death while holding the chalice in his hands.
14. At Valence, also in France, the blesseds Mary-Natalie of Saint Louis (Marie-Louise-Joseph Vanot) and four companions,3 virgins of the Ursuline Order and martyrs, who, during the French upheaval, condemned to death out of hatred for the Catholic faith, ascended the scaffold while reciting the psalm Miserere.
15. At Hue in Annam [Vietnam], Saint Isidore Gagelin, priest of the Paris Foreign Missions Society and martyr, who, under the emperor Minh Mạng, was strangled for Christ.
16. At Suna on Lake Verbano in Italy, blessed Contardo Ferrini, who, in educating the young, surpassed human learning with faith and Christian life.
17. Near Ciudad Real in Spain, blessed Fidel Fuidio Rodríguez, religious of the Society of Mary and martyr, who, during the persecution against the faith, was pierced by bullets and passed to the Lord.
18. At La Nucía near Alicante, also in Spain, blessed Raymond Stephen Bou Pascual, priest and martyr, who, in the same persecution, merited to be redeemed as a faithful disciple in the blood of Christ.
19. In the town of Algemesí in the Valencian region, also in Spain, blessed Tarsilla Cordoba Belda, martyr, who, a mother of a family, in the same period was heard in Christ into glory.
This Day, the Eighteenth Day of October
Feast of Saint Luke, Evangelist, who, as is said, was born of a pagan family at Antioch and was a physician by profession. Converted to the faith of Christ, he became the most beloved companion of blessed Paul the Apostle. In the Gospel book, he carefully arranged all things that Jesus did and taught, as the scribe of Christ’s gentleness, and likewise, in the Acts of the Apostles, he recounted the beginnings of the life of the Church up to Paul’s first sojourn in the City.
2. At Antioch in Syria, Saint Asclepiades, bishop, who was one of the distinguished number of confessors of the faith during the time of persecution.
3. At Pozzuoli in Campania, the holy martyrs Proculus, deacon, Eutychius, and Acutius.
4. At Riom among the Arverni in Aquitaine, Saint Amabilis, priest.
5. At Nassogne in Austrasian Brabant, Saint Monon, who is believed to have been a hermit in the forest of the Ardennes and a martyr.
6. At Arenas, in the region of Castile in Spain, Saint Peter of Alcántara, priest of the Order of Friars Minor, who, endowed with the gift of counsel and with a life of penance and austerity, reformed the observance of regular discipline in the convents of the Order throughout Spain, and was a counselor to Saint Teresa of Jesus in the reform of the Carmelite Order.
7. In the village of Ossernenon, in Canadian territory, the passion of Saint Isaac Jogues, priest of the Society of Jesus and martyr, who was first reduced to slavery by the natives and had his fingers mutilated, and at last died when his head was struck with a blow of a tomahawk; his memorial, along with that of his companions, is celebrated on the following day.
8. At Rome, the heavenly birthday of Saint Paul of the Cross, priest, whose memorial is observed tomorrow.
This Day, the Nineteenth Day of October
Holy martyrs John de Brébeuf, Isaac Jogues, priests, and their
companions
of the Society of Jesus, on the day on which Saint Jean
de la Lande, religious, was killed by certain pagans of
the place in the village of Ossernenon, then in Canadian
territory, where also, a few years earlier, Saint René Goupil
had obtained the palm of martyrdom. With one and
the same veneration are honored on this day their fellow
members Saint Gabriel Lalemant, Anthony Daniel, Charles
Garnier, and Noël Chabanel, who, in the territory of
Canada, on different days and after many labors undertaken
in the mission among the Hurons to proclaim the Gospel of
Christ to the peoples of that region, fell as martyrs.
Saint Paul of the Cross, priest, who, already from youth, was notable for penance and zeal and was inflamed with singular charity toward Christ crucified, seen in the face of the poor and the sick. He founded the Congregation of Clerics Regular of the Cross and Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ; his heavenly birthday, however, occurs at Rome on the previous day.
3. Commemoration of Saint Joel, prophet, who foretold the great day of the Lord and the mystery of the outpouring of His Spirit upon all flesh, which on the day of Pentecost the divine majesty deigned wonderfully to fulfill in Christ.
4. At Rome, the commemoration of the holy Ptolemaeus, Lucius, and another companion, who, as Saint Justin reports, were proven Christians and, because they condemned either immorality in customs or injustice in judgments, were condemned by the prefect Lollius Urbicus under the emperor Antoninus Pius.
5. At Ostia on the Tiber, Saint Asterius, martyr.
6. At Sens in the region around Lyon, France, the commemoration of Saints Sabinian and Potentian, who are held to have been the first pastors of that city and there completed their confession by martyrdom.
8. At Iluro near the Pyrenees in Aquitaine, commemoration of Saint Grat, bishop, who, in the time of Alaric, king of the Arian Goths, attended the Council of Agde to restore the Church of that region of France.
9. In Brittany, Saint Ethbin, monk, who lived a solitary life.
10. At Cavaillon in Provence, Saint Veranus, bishop, who was endowed with great virtues, especially in treating the sick.
11. At Évreux, also in France, Saint Aquilinus, bishop, who, as it is said, while he was a soldier, devoted himself to good works and, with the consent of his wife, made a vow of continence and was raised to this see.
12. At Oxford in England, Saint Frideswide, virgin, who, born of royal lineage and made abbess, ruled over two monasteries, one of monks and the other of nuns.
13. At Biville near Cherbourg in Normandy, blessed Thomas Hélye, priest, who spent his days in sacred ministry and his nights in prayer and penance.
14. At London in England, Saint Philip Howard, martyr, who, Earl of Arundel and father of a family, fell from the favor of Queen Elizabeth because he had embraced the Catholic faith, and was cast into prison, where, wonderfully devoted to prayer and penance, consumed by want and hardships, he merited to receive the crown of martyrdom.
15. At Nagasaki in Japan, the holy martyrs Luke Alonso Gorda, priest, and Matthew Kohioye, religious, both of the Order of Preachers, the former of whom first served fearlessly in the Philippines and then for a decade in Japan as a minister of the Gospel, and the latter, eighteen years old, was his companion in spreading and bearing witness to the faith.
16. At Langeac, on the Allier River in France, blessed Agnes of Jesus Galand, virgin of the Order of Preachers, who, as prioress of the convent, stood out with ardent love for Jesus Christ and zeal for the Church, offering continuous prayers and penances for its shepherds.
This Day, the Twentieth Day of October
1. Commemoration of Saint Cornelius, centurion, whom Saint Peter the Apostle baptized at Caesarea in Palestine, the firstfruits of the Church from among the Gentiles.
2. At Agen in Aquitaine, Saint Caprasius, martyr.
3. At Aulnay in the countryside of Reims in Neustria, Saint Sindulph, hermit, who led a solitary life, known to God alone.
4. At Salzburg in Bavaria, Saint Vitalis, bishop, who, born in Ireland, was a disciple of Saint Rupert, a companion in his travels, and imitator of his labors and vigils; chosen by him as his successor, he converted the people of Pinzgau to the faith of Christ.
5. At Constantinople, Saint Andrew, called “of the Crisis” or “the Calybite,” monk and martyr, who was born on the island of Crete. On account of his veneration of sacred Images, under the emperor Constantine Copronymus, he was repeatedly beaten and subjected to tortures unto death, and finally, hurled from the city wall into filth, he was put to death.
6. At Troyes on the Seine in France, Saint Aderald, archdeacon, who, by his warnings and example, made illustrious the canonical rule, even while he was held captive by the Saracens in the Holy Land.
7. At Sévigny in Normandy, Saint Adeline, first abbess of the monastery of Mortain, which she founded with the help of her brother Saint Vitalis.
8. At Lviv in Ruthenia, blessed Jacob Strepa, bishop of Halicz, of the Order of Friars Minor, distinguished for pastoral solicitude and apostolic virtues.
9. At Treviso in Italy, Saint Maria Bertilla (Anna Francesca) Boscardin, virgin of the Congregation of the Sisters of Saint Dorothy of the Sacred Hearts, who in the hospital was solicitous for both the bodily and spiritual health of the sick.
10. At Vienna in Austria, blessed James (Francis Alexander) Kern, priest of the Order of Premonstratensians, who, while still a student, was called to arms in the First World War and seriously wounded; afterward, he devoted himself with great care to pastoral ministry, which he exercised only briefly, for he was afflicted with a long and bitter illness, which he bore with courage of soul, peacefully submitting to the will of God.
This Day, the Twenty-first Day of October
1. At Nicomedia in Bithynia, the holy martyrs Dasius, Zoticus, and Caius, who, being members of Diocletian’s household and accused of setting fire to the palace, were sentenced to death and, with millstones tied around their necks, were drowned in the sea.
2. At Cologne in Germany, the commemoration of holy virgins, who completed their lives in martyrdom for Christ, where afterward a basilica of the city was built and dedicated in honor of the maiden Ursula, an innocent virgin, regarded as the leader among them.
3. On the island of Cyprus, Saint Hilarion, abbot, who, following in the footsteps of Saint Anthony, first lived a solitary life near Gaza, and then in that province became the founder and model of the eremitical way of life.
4. Commemoration of Saint Malchus, monk, whose asceticism and illustrious life at Maronia near Antioch in Syria was recounted by Saint Jerome.
5. At Bordeaux in Aquitaine, Saint Severinus, bishop, whom Saint Amandus, bishop, honorably received when he came from the East and desired to make him his successor.
6. At Laon in France, Saint Cilinia, mother of the holy bishops Principius of Soissons and Remigius of Reims.
7. At Lyon in France, commemoration of Saint Viator, lector, who, disciple and minister of Saint Justus, bishop of Lyon, followed him into the solitude of Egypt and remained with him unto death.
8. At Trier in Austrasia, Saint Wendelin, hermit.
9. At Marseille in the Province of France, Saint Maurontius, bishop, who had also been abbot of the church of Saint Victor.
10. At Cortona in Etruria, blessed Peter Capucci, priest of the Order of Preachers, who, through meditation on death, directed himself toward heavenly things, and by diligent preaching warned the faithful not to fall into eternal death.
11. At Seoul in Korea, Saint Peter Yu Tae-ch’ol, martyr, who, at thirteen years of age, exhorted his fellow captives in prison to endure their torments, and after being beaten with a hundred blows, was finally strangled by a noose, fulfilling his martyrdom.
12. In the village of Belencito near Medellín in Colombia, blessed Laura of Saint Catherine of Siena Montoya y Upegui, virgin, who committed herself with great fruit for God to the proclamation of the Gospel among indigenous peoples still lacking the faith of Christ, and founded the Congregation of the Missionary Sisters of Mary Immaculate and Saint Catherine of Siena.
This Day, the Twenty-second Day of October
1. Commemoration of Saint Mark, bishop of Jerusalem, who was the first from among the Gentiles to take up the governance of the Church of the holy city, which, having been scattered in fear, he is said to have gathered together again by his faith and diligence.
2. At Hierapolis in Phrygia, Saint Abercius, bishop, who, a disciple of Christ the Good Shepherd, is said to have led the faith as a pilgrim through various regions and to have nourished it with mystical food.
3. At Adrianople in Thrace, the holy martyrs Philip, bishop of Heraclea, and Hermes, deacon, of whom the former, at the beginning of the persecution of the emperor Diocletian, when ordered to close the church and to show all its vessels and books, said to the governor Justinus that the things he demanded could neither be given by him nor received by the governor; after prison and scourging, he was burned with the deacon in the fire.
4. At Rouen in the region around Lyon, France, Saint Mellon, bishop, who is said to have proclaimed the Christian faith in that city and to have established the episcopal see.
5. In the territory of Besançon in Germania, Saint Valerius, deacon of the Church of Langres, killed by pagans.
6. In the district of Châlons in Neustria, Saint Lupentius, abbot of the basilica of Saint Privatus of the Gévaudan, who, having unjustly suffered many cruel things from Innocent, count of the city, was beheaded.
7. At Auch in Aquitaine, Saint Leotadius, bishop.
8. In the monastery of Berceto in Lombardy, Saint Moderanus, abbot, formerly bishop of Rennes in France, remarkable for his love of solitude and devotion toward the places of the saints.
9. In the territory of Nantes in Brittany, Saint Benedict, who lived an eremitical life at Macérais.
10. At Huesca in Aragon of Spain, the holy virgins and martyrs Nunilo and Alodia, who, having an unbelieving father but taught in Christian doctrine by their mother, when they refused to abandon the faith of Christ, after a long imprisonment, by order of ‘Abd ar-Rahman II, king of Córdoba, fell beneath the stroke of the sword.
11. At Fiesole in Etruria, Saint Donatus the Scot, bishop, who, renowned for learning and piety, traveling as a pilgrim from Ireland to Rome, was given by God as an outstanding pastor to the people of this city.
This Day, the Twenty-third Day of October
Saint John of Capestrano, priest of the Order of Minors, who championed regular discipline and ministered through nearly all of Europe to strengthen the Catholic faith and morals; by the fervor of his exhortations and prayers he sustained the people of the faithful and devoted himself to defending the liberty of Christians. At the place Ujlak, finally, on the bank of the Danube in the kingdom of Hungary, he departed from life.
2. Near Cádiz in the region of Baetica in Spain, the saints Servandus and Germanus, martyrs in the persecution of the emperor Diocletian.
3. In Persia, the holy martyrs John, bishop, and James, priest, who, under King Shapur II, were cast into prison and after a year brought their struggle to completion by the sword.
4. At Antioch in Syria, Saint Theodoret, priest and martyr, who, as it is said, having been arrested by the impious Julian, Count of the East, when he persisted in the confession of Christ, was led to martyrdom.
5. At Cologne in Germany, the commemoration of Saint Severinus, bishop, praiseworthy in every virtue.
6. At Pavia in Liguria, the commemoration of Saint Severinus Boethius, martyr, who, distinguished for learning and writings, while detained in prison, wrote a treatise on the consolation of philosophy, and served God with integrity even to death inflicted by King Theodoric.
7. At Syracuse in Sicily, Saint John, bishop, whose character, justice, wisdom, prudent counsel, and care for the affairs of the Church were praised by Saint Gregory the Great, pope.
8. At Rouen in Neustria, Saint Romanus, bishop, who utterly destroyed the shrines of the pagans which were still very frequented in the city, promoted the good to better things, and strove to recall the wicked from evil.
9. In the district of Herbadillic near Poitiers in Aquitaine, France, Saint Benedict, priest.
10. At Constantinople, Saint Ignatius, bishop, who, because he rebuked Bardas Caesar for having repudiated his wife, was afflicted by him with many injuries and driven into exile, but restored by Saint Nicholas I, pope, at last rested in peace.
11. At Romsey in England, Saint Ethelfleda, who, dedicated to God from infancy in the monastery founded by her father Ethelwold, and having become abbess, ruled it most excellently until old age.
12. At Campoli in Etruria, Saint Allucio, true peacemaker, protector of the poor and pilgrims, and liberator of captives.
13. At Mantua in Lombardy, blessed John Bono, hermit, who, as a young man, having lost his mother, practiced the art of juggler and actor, wandering through various regions of Italy; but at the age of forty, when a grave illness came upon him, vowed to the Lord that he would forsake the world so that, by penance and love, he might devote himself entirely to Christ and the Church, and he founded a congregation under the Rule of Saint Augustine.
14. Likewise at Milan in Lombardy, blessed John Angelo Porro, priest of the Order of the Servants of Mary, who, as prior of the convent, on all feast days, standing at the door of the church or running through the streets, would gather children in order to teach them Christian doctrine.
15. At York in England, blessed Thomas Thwing, priest and martyr, who, falsely accused of conspiracy, by order of King Charles II was hanged and cruelly dismembered, and attained the palm of martyrdom.
16. At Valenciennes in France, the blessed Mary Clotilde Angela of Saint Francis Borgia (Clotilde Joseph) Paillot and five companions,4 virgins and martyrs, who, consecrated to God, in the time of the French upheaval, condemned to death out of hatred for the faith, went piously to the gallows, to the wonder of the people.
17. In the city of Thọ-Đức in Annam [Vietnam], Saint Paul Tống Viết Bường, martyr, who, a soldier, under the emperor Minh Mạng, died for Christ.
18. At Reims in France, blessed Arnold (Julian Nicholas) Reche, brother of the Christian Schools, who, docile to the Holy Spirit in all things, took great care for the young, always diligent in carrying out the office of teacher and constant in prayer.
19. At Ciudad Real in Spain, the blessed martyrs Hildefonsus García and Justinian Cuesta, priests, and Euphrasius de Celis, Honorinus Carracedo, Thomas Cuartero, and Joseph Mary Cuartero, religious of the Congregation of the Passion, who, while a religious persecution was raging, were killed by bullets for Christ and the Church.
20. In the place called El Saler near Valencia likewise in Spain, blessed Leonard Olivera Buera, priest and martyr, who, in the time of the same religious persecution, imitating the Passion of Christ, deserved to attain the eternal reward.
21. In the town of Benimaclet likewise in the region of Valencia in Spain, the blessed Ambrose Leon (Peter) Lorente Vicente, Florentius Martin (Alvaro) Ibáñez Lázaro, and Honoratus (Andrew) Zorraquino Herrero, religious of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools and martyrs, who in the same time shed their blood for Christ.
This Day, the Twenty-fourth Day of October
Saint Anthony Mary Claret, bishop, who, having been ordained priest, traveled for many years through Catalonia in the region of Spain, preaching to the people; he founded the Society of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the blessed Virgin Mary, and, having been made bishop of Santiago on the island of Cuba, was greatly distinguished for the salvation of souls. Having returned to Spain, he still endured many things for the Church, and, in exile among the Cistercian monks of Fontfroide near Narbonne in southern France, he died.
2. At Hierapolis in Phrygia, the saints Cyriacus and Claudian, martyrs.
3. At Constantinople, Saint Proclus, bishop, who vigorously proclaimed blessed Mary as the Mother of God, and restored to the city the body of Saint John Chrysostom in a triumphant translation from exile, so that he even merited to be called “the Great” in the Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon.
4. At Najran in Arabia, the passion of Saints Aretas, prince of the city, and his three hundred and forty companions, in the time of the emperor Justin, under Du Nuwas, also called Dhu Nuwas, king of the Homerites.
5. At Tours in Neustria, Saint Senoch, priest, who in ancient ruins established a monastery, constant in vigils, prayer, and charity toward servants.
6. In the monastery of Vertou in the district of Retz in France, Saint Martin, deacon and abbot, whom Saint Felix, bishop of Nantes, sent to convert the pagans of the region.
7. At Tongeren in Brabant of Austrasia, Saint Evergislus, bishop of Cologne and martyr, who, while attending to the duties of pastoral office, when he had set out for Poitiers, was struck down on the way by robbers and died.
8. In Brittany, Saint Magloire, who is said to have been a disciple of Saint Illtud, to have succeeded Saint Samson, bishop of Dol, and to have led a life of solitude on the island of Sark.
9. At Coutances in Neustria, Saint Fromundus, bishop, who founded the convent of nuns at Ham and carried out the pastoral office in the love of the Lord.
10. At Hué in Annam [Vietnam], Saint Joseph Lê Đằng Thị, martyr, who, a centurion [military captain], having been detained in prison because he was a Christian, bore witness among his fellow prisoners, in the midst of tortures, to the faith from which he never swerved, and was finally strangled under the emperor Tự Đức.
11. At Como in Italy, blessed Aloysius Guanella, priest, who founded the Congregation of the Servants of Charity and the Daughters of Saint Mary of Providence, both to aid the needs of the miserable and afflicted, and to promote their salvation.
12. At Ronchi on the river Adige in the territory of Verona in Italy, blessed Joseph Baldo, priest, who, devoted to pastoral care, founded the Congregation of the Little Daughters of Saint Joseph to aid the elderly and the sick, as well as to educate children and young people.
This Day, the Twenty-fifth Day of October
1. At Rome, in the cemetery of Thraso on the Via Salaria Nova, Saints Chrysanthus and Daria, martyrs, whom Pope Saint Damasus praises.
2. At Soissons in Gallia Belgica, Saints Crispin and Crispinian, martyrs.
3. At Florence in Etruria, Saint Minias, martyr.
4. At Périgueux in Aquitaine, Saint Fronto, who is believed to have been the first to preach the Gospel in this city.
5. At Constantinople, Saints Martyrius, subdeacon, and Marcian, cantor, who were killed by the Arians under Emperor Constantius.
6. At Brescia in Venetia, Saint Gaudentius, bishop, who, ordained by Saint Ambrose, outstanding among the bishops of his time in doctrine and virtues, taught his people by word and writings and built the basilica which he named the Council of Saints.
7. In the territory of Gévaudan in France, Saint Hilary, bishop of Mende.
8. In the district of Segovia in Spain, Saint Fructus, who lived a hermit life upon a rugged rock.
9. At Pécs [Five Churches ]in Hungary, Saint Maurus, bishop, who, having spent almost his entire life as a scholar, at length became a monk and abbot in the monastery of Saint Martin.
10. At Vic in Catalonia in Spain, Saint Bernard Calbó, bishop, who, having given up the office of judge, first became an abbot among the Cistercians, then, having been elected to the see of Vic, vigorously promoted sound doctrine.
11. At the town of Saint-Antoine in the Subalpine region, the passing of blessed Thaddeus Machar, bishop of Cork and Cloyne in Ireland, who, having suffered the envy of the powerful, withdrew and, while making his way to Rome, migrated to heaven.
12. In the town of Nules near Tortosa in Spain, blessed Recaredo Centelles Abad, priest of the Society of Diocesan Worker Priests and martyr, who, during a persecution against the Church, was killed at the gates of the cemetery in hatred of the priesthood.
13. At Alzira in the district of Valencia also in Spain, blessed María Teresa Ferragud Roig and her daughters María of Jesus (Vicenta), María Veronica (Joaquina), and María Felicidad Masia Ferragud, virgins of the Order of Capuchin Poor Clares, and Josefa of the Purification (Ramona) Masia Ferragud, virgin of the Order of Discalced Augustinians, martyrs, who in the same period were crowned for their fearless witness to Christ.
This Day, the Twenty-sixth Day of October
1. At Nicomedia in Bithynia, Saints Lucian and Marcian, martyrs, who, under Emperor Decius, by order of the proconsul Sabinus, are said to have been killed by fire.
2. At Carthage, the commemoration of Saint Rogatian, priest, to whom, in the persecution under Emperor Decius, Saint Cyprian entrusted the care of the Church of Carthage, and who, together with Saint Felicissimus, suffered hardships and imprisonment for the name of Christ.
3. At Strasbourg in Germany, Saint Amand, who is believed to have been the first bishop of this city.
4. At Narbonne on the coast of Gaul, Saint Rusticus, bishop, who, when he had considered resigning his office and living his life in silence, was persuaded by Saint Leo the Great to blessed perseverance, and thus strengthened, remained in the work committed to him and in the labor undertaken.
5. At Angoulême in Aquitaine, the commemoration Saint Aptonius, bishop.
6. At Lastingham in Northumbria, Saint Cedd, who, brother of Saint Chad, was ordained bishop of the East Saxons by Saint Finan and took care to lay the foundations of the Church among them.
7. At Hexham also in Northumbria, Saint Eata, bishop, who, a man most gentle and most simple, ruled over many monasteries as well as churches, and having returned to Hexham, being both abbot and bishop, never ceased from the ascetic way of life.
8. At Metz in Austrasia, Saint Sigebald, bishop, founder of several monasteries.
9. In the monastery of Hersfeld in Germany, the deposition of Saint Wigbert, also called Albuin, the first bishop of Büraburg, who, an Englishman by birth, having been called by Saint Boniface with others and sent into Hesse, there sowed the seeds of the divine word.
10. In Scotland, Saint Bean, bishop of Mortlach.
11. At Pavia in Lombardy, Saint Fulco, bishop, of the Scottish people, a man peaceful, and most devoted to zeal and to charity.
12. At Reggio Emilia, blessed Damian Furcheri, priest of the Order of Preachers, an outstanding preacher of the Gospel.
13. At Ravello near Amalfi in Campania, blessed Bonaventure of Potenza, priest of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual, who was remarkable for obedience and charity toward all.
This Day, the Twenty-seventh Day of October
1. At Rome, Saint Evaristus, pope, who, the fourth after Blessed Peter, ruled the Church of Rome under Emperor Trajan.
2. At Smyrna in Asia, Saint Thraseas, bishop of Eumenia in Phrygia and martyr.
3. At Clermont in Aquitaine, Saint Namatius, bishop, who built the cathedral church.
4. At Naples in Campania, the deposition of Saint Gaudiosus, bishop, who, because of the persecution of the Vandals, is said to have come from Abitina into Campania is said to have come and, in a holy end, to have rested in a monastery.
5. On the island of Iona in Scotland, Saint Odhran, monk, who was among the first disciples of Saint Columba.
6. At Vicenza in Venetia, the commemoration of blessed Bartholomew of Bragança, bishop, of the Order of Preachers, who in this city established the Militia of Jesus Christ to defend the Catholic faith and the liberty of the Church.
7. In the city of Paterna in the district of Valencia in Spain, blessed Salvador Mollar Ventura, religious of the Order of Friars Minor and martyr, who, in a time of persecution against the faith, merited as a faithful disciple to be redeemed in the blood of Christ.
This Day, the Twenty-eighth Day of October
Feast of Saints Simon and Jude, Apostles, the former of whom was surnamed the Cananean or “the Zealot;” but the latter, also called Thaddeus, the son of James, at the Last Supper asked the Lord about His manifestation, who answered him: “If anyone loves me, he will keep my word, and my Father will love him, and we will come to him and will make our abode with him.”
2. At Mainz in Belgic France, Saint Ferrutius, martyr, who, having left the military service that he might serve Christ more freely and more fittingly, is said to have fallen in martyrdom.
3. At Como in Gallia Cisalpina, Saint Fidelis, martyr.
4. At Ávila in Spain, the passion of Saints Vincent, Sabina, and Christeta, martyrs, who, fleeing from Évora of the Carpetani to this city, were cruelly killed.
5. At Tizac in Aquitaine, Saint Genesius, who, twice clothed in white, is celebrated to have departed from this world through martyrdom.
6. At Amiens in Neustria of Gaul, Saint Salvio, bishop, devoted from his earliest youth to divine studies and adorned with integrity of life.
7. At Meaux also in Neustria, Saint Faro, bishop, who, first a member of the royal household, was led to the service of God by Saint Fara his sister, and persuaded his wife to put on the veil of religion so that he might be received into the clergy; and, having been called to the pastoral governance, he enriched the Church with very abundant donations from his own possessions, established parishes, and fostered monasteries.
8. At Annecy in Savoy, the commemoration of Saint Germain, abbot, who founded and ruled the priory of Talloires, distinguished for his love of solitude.
9. In the province of Fujian in China, Saints Francis Serrano, bishop, and Joachim Royo, John Alcober, and Francis Diaz del Rincon, priests of the Order of Preachers, martyrs, who confirmed the same faith by the same suffering.
10. In the district of Cho-Ray in Tonkin [Vietnam], Saint John Baptist, priest and martyr, beheaded for Christ.
11. In the village of Ejutla in Mexico, Saint Roderick Aguilar, priest and martyr, who, during a raging persecution, was hanged by soldiers from a tree, and gloriously fulfilled the martyrdom which he had desired.
12. At Alzira in the district of Valencia in Spain, blessed Salvador Damian Enguix Gares, martyr, who, a father of a family, in a time of persecution brought his contest for the faith to completion.
13. In the village of Gilet in the same district of Spain, blessed Joseph Ruiz Bruixola, priest and martyr, who in the same period merited to bear the palm of victory before Almighty God.
This Day, the Twenty-ninth Day of October
1. At Carthage, Saint Felician, martyr.
2. Commemoration of Saint Narcissus, bishop of Jerusalem, praiseworthy in holiness, patience, and faith, who, agreeing with Saint Victor the pope concerning the time for celebrating the Christian Pasch, asserted that the mystery of the Lord’s Resurrection was to be celebrated on no other day than Sunday, and, one hundred and sixteen years old, happily departed to the Lord.
3. At Vercelli in Liguria, Saint Honoratus, bishop, who, a disciple of Saint Eusebius in the monastery and companion in prison, after his master was the second to hold this see, which he taught with right doctrine, and was worthy to give Saint Ambrose, when dying, the Viaticum.
4. At Sidon in Phoenicia, Saint Zenobius, priest, who, under the severity of the persecution of the Emperor Diocletian, encouraging others to martyrdom, was himself crowned with martyrdom.
5. At Edessa in Osrhoene of Mesopotamia, Saint Abraham, anchorite, whose deeds Saint Ephrem the deacon wrote.
6. In the territory of Vienne in Gaul, Saint Theodarius, abbot, who, a disciple of Saint Caesarius of Arles, founded cells for monks, and was appointed by the bishop an intercessor to God and a penitentiary priest for the whole people of the city.
7. At Doagh in Ireland, Saint Colman, bishop.
8. At the monastery of Fanay in the district of Cambrai in Neustria, Saint Dodon, abbot, who, placed in charge of the monastery of Wallers, preferred the eremitical life.
9. Near Naples in Italy, blessed Cajetan Errico, priest, who fostered with every effort spiritual retreats and contemplation of the Eucharist, so that he might gain souls for Christ, by which also he brought forth the Missionaries of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary.
This Day, the Thirtieth Day of October
1. At Syracuse in Sicily, Saint Marcian, who is believed to have been the first bishop of that city.
2. Commemoration of Saint Serapion, bishop of Antioch, who, most renowned for learning and doctrine, left no lesser fame for holiness.
3. At Alexandria in Egypt, Saint Eutropia, martyr, who, when she refused to deny Christ, was most cruelly tortured and gave up her spirit.
4. At Tangier in Mauretania, the passion of Saint Marcellus, centurion, who, on the emperor’s birthday, when all were sacrificing, threw down before the standards his military belt, weapons, and even the vine-rod, declaring himself to be a Christian, and that he could no longer obey the military oath consistently, but only Jesus Christ; for which reason, by beheading, he completed his martyrdom.
5. At León in Spain, the holy martyrs Claudius, Lupercus, and Victorius, who suffered for the name of Christ during the persecution of the emperor Diocletian.
6. At Cumae in Campania, Saint Maximus, martyr.
7. At Capua, also in Campania, Saint Germanus, bishop, of whom Pope Saint Gregory the Great wrote.
8. At Potenza in Lucania, Saint Gerard, bishop.
9. At Cividale del Friuli in Venetia, blessed Benvenuta Bojani, virgin, sister of the Penitents of Saint Dominic, who devoted herself entirely to prayer and austerities.
10. At Winchester in England, blessed John Slade, martyr, who, because he denied the primacy of Queen Elizabeth I in spiritual matters, was hanged and cruelly dismembered.
11. At Limerick in Ireland, the passion of blessed Terence Albert O’Brien, bishop and martyr, who, of the Order of Preachers, being in charge of the diocese of Emly, he gave devoted service to the care of those afflicted by the plague, but was arrested by soldiers under the rule of Oliver Cromwell, and, out of hatred for the priesthood and the Catholic faith, was led to the gallows.
12. At Acri in Calabria, blessed Angelo, priest of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, who, tirelessly traversing the Kingdom of Naples, preached the word of God in speech suited to the simple.
13. At Angers in France, blessed John Michael Langevin, priest and martyr, killed by beheading for the priesthood, the first of a group of nearly one hundred men and women who, while the terror of the French upheaval raged, remained unanimous, steadfast, and fearless in the faith of Christ even unto death.
14. In the town of Dolinka near Karaganda in Kazakhstan, blessed Alexis Zaryckyj, priest and martyr, who, during the rule of a regime hostile to God, was deported to a detention camp, and through the struggle of faith attained eternal life.
This Day, the Thirty-first Day of October
1. At Alexandria in Egypt, Saint Epimachus of Pelusium, martyr, who, as it is said, in the time of the persecution under the emperor Decius, when he saw the prefect compelling Christians to sacrifice to idols, attempted to overthrow the altar; for this he was arrested and torn apart, and finally was beheaded by the sword.
2. At Saint-Quentin [Augusta Viromanduorum] in Belgic Gaul, Saint Quentin, martyr, who, of senatorial rank, suffered for Christ under the emperor Maximian.
3. At Fosses in Brabant in Austrasia, Saint Foillan, priest and abbot, who, Irish by birth, brother and companion of Saint Fursey, always faithful to the monastic institutions of his homeland, established at Fosses and Nivelles a double monastery of men and of women; while traveling between them, he was killed by robbers.
4. At Milan in Lombardy, Saint Antoninus, bishop, who labored greatly to extinguish the Arian heresy among the Lombards.
5. At Regensburg in Bavaria, Saint Wolfgang, bishop, who, after serving as a schoolmaster and embracing the monastic life, was elevated to the episcopal see, restored the discipline of the clergy, and died humbly while visiting the territory of Pupping.
6. At Cahors in Aquitaine, blessed Christopher of Romagna, priest of the Order of Friars Minor, who, sent by Saint Francis, after many labors for the salvation of souls, died at the age of one hundred years.
7. At Rieti in Sabina, blessed Thomas of Florence Bellacci, religious of the Order of Friars Minor, who, having traveled to the Holy Land and Ethiopia, suffered captivity and hardships for Christ at the hands of unbelievers, and at last, returned to his homeland, rested in peace, nearly one hundred years old.
8. At Youghal in Ireland, blessed Dominic Collins, religious of the Society of Jesus and martyr, who, after being held for a long time, was persistently questioned and tortured, and firmly confessed the Catholic faith; for this reason, he was hanged and so completed his martyrdom.
9. At Palma on the island of Majorca, Saint Alphonsus Rodríguez, who, bereft of his wife, children, and all his fortune, was received as a religious into the Society of Jesus, and for many years served as porter in the College; he shone with humility, obedience, and perseverance under the yoke of penance.
10. In the town of Piotrków Kujawski in Poland, blessed Leon Nowakowski, priest and martyr, who, during the occupation of Poland, in military fashion, was killed by bullets for having valiantly defended the faith before a regime hostile to God.
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1. Whose names are: Blessed Anthony Baracho, Anthony Vilela Cid, Anthony Vilela the Younger and his daughter, Diego Pereira, Emmanuel Rodrigues Moura and his wife, the daughter of Francisco Dias the Younger, Francisco de Bastos, Francisco Mendes Pereira, João da Silveira, João Lostau Navarro, João Martins and seven youths, Joseph do Porto, Matthew Moreira, Simon Correia, Stephen Machado de Miranda and his daughter Inês, Vincent de Souza Pereira.
2. Whose names are: Saints Cyril Bertrán (Joseph) Sanz Tejedor, Marcian Joseph (Philomenus) López López, Victorian Pius (Claudius) Bernabé Cano, Julian Alphridus (Wilfrid) Fernández Zapico, Benjamin Julian (Vincent Alphonsus) Andrés, Augustus Andrew (Romanus) Martín Fernández, Benedict of Jesus (Hector) Valdivielso Sáez, and Anicetus Adolphus (Emmanuel) Seco Gutiérrez.
3. Whose names are: Blessed Maria Laurentina of Saint Stanislaus (Joanna Regina) Prin, Maria Ursula of Saint Bernardine (Hyacintha Augustina Gabriela) Bourla, Maria Ludovica of Saint Francis (Maria Genevieve) Ducrez, and Maria Augustina of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Maria Magdalena) Dejardin.
4. Whose names are: Blessed Maria Scholastica Joseph of Saint James (Maria Margaretha Joseph) Leroux and Maria Cordula Joseph of Saint Dominic (Joanna Louisa) Barre, of the Order of Ursulines; Josephine (Anna Joseph) Leroux, of the Order of Poor Clares; Maria Francisca (Maria Lievina) Lacroix and Anna Maria (Maria Augustina) Erraux, of the Order of Brigittines.
Omnes
sancti Mártyres, oráte pro nobis.
(“All ye Holy Martyrs, pray for us,”
from the Litaniae Sanctorum, the Litany of the
Saints)
2004 Roman Martyrology by Month (to be completed)
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